Category: dairy cattle

Do you want to know more about the Koh-e-Ghizer goat breed from Pakistan? This amazing goat has been popular in the region for centuries, and today it has become an important part of the local culture. Learn all about this unique and special animal in this blog post!

Introduction

Koh-e-Ghizer goat is a breed of domesticated goat found in the Northern Areas of Pakistan. It is known for its pashmina fur that has been used in the making of clothing and accessories since ancient times. The breed was studied for morphological characteristics, somatometric measurements, growth, productive and reproductive traits. It is also a popular source of meat in the region due to its leaner body composition and high demand from consumers. This breed is known for its hardiness, disease resistance and adaptability to harsh climates. They are also relatively easy to maintain and have good milk production capacity. These goats can be raised for their meat, milk or wool depending on the purpose required by their owners.

History of Koh-e-Ghizer Goat Breed

The Koh-e-Ghizer goat is a pashmina-bearing breed native to the Gilgit Baltistan region of Pakistan. The name comes from the area of their origin, “Ghizer”, which is the northernmost part of the Northern Areas of Pakistan. This breed was studied for its morphological characteristics, somatometric measurements, growth, productive and reproductive performances. It is one of 37 goat breeds reported in Pakistan.

The Koh-e-Ghizer goats are known for their hardiness and adaptability to extreme climates. They are also known for producing quality meat that has a unique flavor and tenderness due to their diet consisting mainly of alpine grasses and herbs found in the region. Additionally, they produce superior quality pashmina wool that is highly sought after for its softness and warmth.

Koh-e-Ghizer goats are an important source of income for farmers in the Gilgit Baltistan region as they can be used for both meat production and wool production. As such, they play an important role in supporting local livelihoods as well as contributing to food security in the region.

Characteristics of Koh-e-Ghizer Goats

The Koh-e-Ghizer breed of goat is a medium-sized animal with distinctive black fur and white patches on the belly, as well as brown rings around the eyes. This breed is known to produce pashmina wool, which makes it popular among farmers from poor socio-economic classes in Pakistan. They are also valued for their milk production. The breed has been studied for its morphological characteristics, somatometric measurements, growth traits, and glucose levels as an indicator of energy. In general, Koh-e-Ghizer goats are small with small legs and a large belly. They often have a brown strip running from the temple to the nostrils on both sides. With proper care and nutrition, these goats can be productive members of any farm or home.

Where Are Koh-e-Ghizer Goats Found?

Koh-e-Ghizer goats are a breed of goat native to the Ghizer district in the Northern Areas of Pakistan. This area is known for its mountainous terrain, making it an ideal home for these goats. They can be found in the NARC (National Agricultural Research Centre) and inhabit areas from Rawalpindi to Yasin and Gupis to Imit. Koh-e-Ghizer goats are kept primarily for their meat, which is highly sought after throughout Pakistan. Their morphometric traits include adult body length, heart girth, height at withers, chest width and body weight. These goats are hardy animals that can easily withstand cold temperatures due to their thick coats of fur.

Advantages of Keeping Koh-e Ghizer Goats

Koh-e Ghizer goats are an ideal breed for nomad grazers in cold climates, as they offer excellent adaptability to difficult mountain conditions and extreme weather, as well as a low feed value acceptance. These goats are valued for their high production of milk, meat, skin and fiber. They are also known for their ability to survive on low quality food. The initial investment required to raise these goats is often lower than other livestock species, making them attractive to farmers looking to maximize profits. Koh-e Ghizer goats can be found in Pakistan, Turkey and other parts of Asia. Their contribution to the local economy and society is immense due to their many uses in the dairy industry such as providing milk, cream and cheese products. As well as being used for meat production and fiber products like wool or mohair. Keeping Koh-e Ghizer goats has many advantages that make them an attractive option for farmers looking to improve their livelihoods.

Feeding Habits for Koh e Ghizer Goats

Koh-e-Ghizer goats are a hardy breed of goat found in Pakistan, particularly in the northern regions. These goats are well adapted to cold environments and are raised primarily for meat production. They are nomadic grazers, meaning they travel around grazing on different types of vegetation throughout the year.

It is important to ensure that these goats have access to an adequate amount and variety of food to maintain their health and growth. The feed intake should be adjusted based on the age and weight of the goat, with higher amounts needed for kids, pregnant goats, breeding Does and lactating goats. Feeding them rain tree pods as a supplement has been found to improve milk production in dairy goats.

Good quality hay or grass should form the basis of a Koh-e-Ghizer goat’s diet, supplemented by small amounts of grains such as corn or oats if necessary. Mineral blocks or salt licks can also be provided for additional nutritional requirements, along with fresh water at all times. Proper nutrition is essential for successful raising of Koh e Ghizer Goats and will help them reach their full potential when it comes time to butcher them for meat.

Breeding Practices for the Koh e Ghizer Goat Breed

The Koh-e Ghizer goat breed is a medium sized goat that originated in the Northern Areas of Pakistan. This breed is best suited for nomad grazing areas in very cold climates, as it is mainly used for meat production. Appreciable diversity exists among and within this breed for morphological, growth, fertility, and other traits. Adult body weight can vary significantly among individual goats of this breed.

There are six primary breeds of goats found in the Northern Areas of Pakistan, including Pameri, Gojali, Balti (pashmina bearing), Dareli, Jerakheil and Koh-e Ghizer. The Boer goat is considered to be one of the most desirable goat breeds for meat production. In order to ensure proper breeding practices for the Koh-e Ghizer goat breed it is important to regularly monitor their body weight and nutrition levels. Additionally, regular health checks should be done to help identify any potential diseases or medical issues that may occur with these animals. Finally, providing suitable shelter from extreme weather conditions such as extreme cold or heat can also help protect these animals from any potential health problems caused by environmental stressors.

Common Diseases in the Koh e Ghizer Goat Breed

The Koh-e-Ghizer goat breed is popular in the Northern Areas of Pakistan and is known for its high milk production. Unfortunately, this goat breed is prone to several common diseases which can be detrimental to their health. These include navel ill, which is an ascending infection of the umbilicus, often caused by dirty and wet conditions. Other common diseases include foot rot, pneumonia, mastitis, coccidiosis and enterotoxaemia.

The best way to prevent these common diseases in Koh-e-Ghizer goats is through good hygiene practices such as providing clean bedding material and keeping the area dry at all times. It’s also important to ensure that they get adequate nutrition so that their immune system remains strong enough to fight off any infections or illnesses. Vaccinations should also be administered regularly in order to protect the goats from potential illnesses and disease outbreaks.

Finally, regular health checks are essential for early detection of any signs of illness or infection so that appropriate treatment can be given as soon as possible. By taking these steps and following good husbandry practices, it’s possible to reduce the risk of disease in Koh e Ghizer goats significantly.

Common Health Problems in the Koh e Ghizer Goat Breed

Common health problems in the Koh e Ghizer goat breed can include navel ill, parasites, and respiratory illnesses. Navel ill is an ascending infection of the umbilicus that is common in kids born in dirty, wet, or unsanitary conditions. Parasites can cause extreme discomfort and even death if left untreated. Respiratory illnesses are also common in goats and can be caused by a variety of factors including poor ventilation and overcrowding. Good husbandry practices such as keeping pens clean and providing adequate space for goats to move around can help prevent many of these common health issues. It is also important to provide regular veterinary care to treat any existing health problems and ensure the long-term well-being of your Koh e Ghizer goat herd.

Popular Products from the Koh e Ghizar Goat Breed

The Koh-e-Ghizer goat breed is a popular and unique breed of goat found in the Northern Areas of Pakistan, specifically in the Ghizer District. This breed of goat is known for its high milk production and quality, making it an ideal choice for those looking to produce dairy products. As such, they are often used to make cheese, butter, yogurt and other dairy products. Additionally, their meat is also highly sought after due to its flavor and texture. The skins of these goats can also be used to make leather goods such as handbags and wallets. All in all, the Koh-e-Ghizer goat breed has become an important part of Pakistani livestock farming due to its versatility and potential for producing a wide range of products.

Uses of the Milk Produced by the Koh e Ghizar Goats

The Koh e Ghizar goat is a dual-purpose breed found in Pakistan. It is mainly used for meat production, but also produces milk which can be used for a variety of purposes. The doe on average produces 1 liter of milk daily on normal fodder. The milk produced by this breed is rich in fat and protein content and has several uses. It can be consumed directly or converted into dairy products such as cheese, yogurt, butter, ghee, etc. The milk can also be used to make soap and other similar products. Additionally, the high levels of calcium present in the goat’s milk makes it an ideal choice for people with osteoporosis or other bone disorders. All these qualities make the Koh e Ghizar goat an important asset to many households across Pakistan.

How to Care for a Newborn Kid

Caring for a newborn kid can be an exciting and rewarding experience. With the proper care and nutrition, you can help ensure that your kid grows up to be healthy and strong. Here are some tips for caring for a newborn kid:

1. Provide clean and comfortable bedding – Make sure the bedding is soft, warm, and free of any pests or parasites.

2. Maintain proper nutrition – Feed the kid high-quality, age-appropriate milk replacer specifically designed for goats to ensure they get all their essential nutrients.

3. Monitor health – Keep an eye on the kid’s physical condition as well as their behavior to make sure they are thriving in their new environment.

4. Provide adequate space – Make sure the pen or stall is large enough for the kid to move around freely without becoming overcrowded or stressed out by too much noise or activity from other animals in close proximity.

5. Socialize – Introduce your goat to other goats once it has acclimated to its new home so it can become accustomed to interacting with them in a positive way going forward.

6. Vaccinate – Make sure you vaccinate your goat against common illnesses and diseases so it stays healthy throughout its lifetime with you as its owner/caretaker.

How Can You Buy a Healthy and Productive Animal?

Buying a healthy and productive animal can be a great way to add to the profitability of your farming operation. To ensure that you get an animal that is both healthy and productive, there are certain steps you should take before making your purchase.

First, research what type of animal is best suited for the purpose you have in mind. Different breeds have different qualities, so make sure to identify which breed will provide the best return on investment. You should also look into the animal’s health history and any genetic predispositions it may have.

When you’re ready to make a purchase, visit several farms or breeders to compare prices and animals available. Look for animals that are well-fed, clean, and alert. Also ask about their health records and vaccination status; this will give you an indication of how much maintenance they might require in order to remain healthy and productive.

Finally, once you decide on an animal, arrange for a veterinarian checkup prior to bringing it home. A vet’s assessment can help ensure that your new addition is free from disease or other health issues that could significantly reduce its productivity or lifespan.

By following these steps when buying a healthy and productive animal, you can maximize your return on investment while also ensuring the continued good health of your livestock operation.

Conclusion

Koh-e-Ghizer is a goat breed found in the Northern Areas of Pakistan, specifically in the Ghizer District. It is a pashmina bearing breed and is known for its excellent growth, fertility and other traits. Studies have been conducted to evaluate its glucose level as an indicator of energy. The breed has also been studied for its morphological characteristics, somatometric measurements, productive and reproductive performances. Nubians are the most numerous dairy goat breed in USA but Koh-e-Ghizer goats have proved to be a great source of milk production in subtropical regions like Turkey. The experts from SAARC Member States have contributed greatly to the study of this breed and helped provide useful information about it.

Are you interested in learning more about Pakistani goats? If so, the Labri goat breed is an excellent choice to explore. This hardy and adaptable breed is popular among farmers and meat producers in Pakistan due to its productive qualities. Read on to find out more about this unique goat breed’s characteristics and uses!

Introduction to Labri Goats

Labri goats are a hardy goat breed native to Pakistan. They are best suited for farming in cold climates, and their long ears make them easily recognizable. Labri goats have an excellent meat and milk production capacity, making them an ideal choice for livestock farmers in the region. They have a high body weight and are known for their adaptability to both warm and cold weather conditions. As far as breeds of goats go, Labri is one of the most popular breeds in Pakistan due to its high productivity levels and easy maintenance requirements.

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Are you interested in learning more about the ancient art of goat breeding? Do you want to know more about the Kajli breed of goats, which is native to Pakistan? If so, this blog post is for you! We’re diving into the world of Kajli goat breeding and exploring what makes this unique breed of goats so special.

Introduction to Kajli Goats

Kajli goats are a medium-sized goat breed that originated in the Loralai and D.G Khan districts of Balochistan and Punjab, Pakistan. These goats are multi-purpose animals, used for their meat, milk, hair, and skin. Kajli goats have a distinctive black coat with white markings on the face and legs. They have large ears and long horns that are curved backwards. They also have a large chest and deep body structure which gives them an impressive physical appearance. Kajli goats are known to be hardy animals that can survive in harsh climates due to their adaptability. They are able to graze on rough terrain with little difficulty and can thrive in environments with limited resources. Kajli goat breeding is important for improving overall herd productivity as they are highly resistant to diseases compared to other breeds of goats in Pakistan.

Origin of Kajli Goats

Kajli goats are native to Pakistan and can be found in the Loralai and D.G Khan districts of Balochistan and Punjab. They are characterized by their black color, long hair and the tendency to give birth to twins. Kajli goats have an average build weight ranging from 30-25 kgs. They are a large size with a white body coat and are mainly bred for meat, milk, and hair production. Kajli goats have been documented in the annual reports of Sargodha and Gujrat districts in the Punjab Province of Pakistan. This breed is also known for its ability to predict body weight through body measurements which is beneficial for farmers looking to improve their livestock production. Kajli sheep is popular among people of Pakistan due to its excellent mutton quality, milk production, as well as wool production capabilities, making it a valuable source of livelihood for over a million livestock farmers in the country.

Characteristics of Kajli Goats

Kajli Goats are a native goat breed of Pakistan, typically black in color and characterized by long hair and twin births. They are medium-sized animals, with average build weight ranging from 30 – 25 kg. Kajli Goats have thin tails and are usually kept for their meat, wool and milk production. They can be found in the Sargodha and Gujrat districts of the Punjab Province, as well as in Loralai and D.G Khan districts of Balochistan. The primary breeding objective of Kajli Goats is their meat while milk is given secondary importance.

Kajli Goats have a medium head with a flat nose, ears that measure 15 cm long, a straight back and a long tail. Sheep and goats together contribute 6.4% to the national income from agriculture, with 45.6% coming from meat production and 33.8% from milk production. Studies have shown that body weight can be accurately predicted through body measurements in Beetal goats in Pakistan, making Kajli Goats an important breed for economic purposes across the country.

Benefits of Breeding Kajli Goats

Kajli goats are a native breed of goats found in the Loralai and D.G Khan districts of Balochistan and Punjab in Pakistan. They are characterized by their black color, long hair, and their ability to give birth to twins. Kajli goats have an average build weight ranging from 30 to 25kgs and are known for the juicy quality of their meat. Males are typically reared for sale as sacrificial animals during religious ceremonies. The breed is also distinguished by its typical Roman nose, well-developed muscular body, and long legs.

Goat farming has many benefits for Pakistani farmers and consumers alike. Goats are comparatively cheaper to buy and maintain than cattle or other livestock, making them an attractive option for farmers on a budget. There is also great potential for crossbreeding between different breeds of sheep or goats in Pakistan; some famous breeds include Kajli, Surgoli, Khurasani, Nachi, Lalai, etc., all with unique characteristics that can be combined to create more resilient animals that can better withstand harsh environmental conditions such as drought or extreme temperatures.

In addition to its economical advantages, goat farming also provides important sources of nutrition for Pakistani households. Goat milk is rich in proteins vitamins A & B2 which helps strengthen bones & teeth development as well as providing essential minerals like calcium & phosphorus which help prevent deficiencies such as rickets & osteoporosis. In addition to this it can also provide a source of income through selling surplus meat or dairy products at market prices enabling farmers to supplement their incomes while helping them become more self-sufficient & financially stable over time.

Overall breeding Kajli goats provides numerous benefits both economically & nutritionally making

The Climate and Habitat for Kajli Goat Breeding

Kajli goats are well-suited to the dry and hot climates of Pakistan. They are native to the Loralai and D.G Khan districts of Balochistan and Punjab provinces, where they live in nomadic tribes. The Kajli goat is a medium-sized breed, usually producing 1 to 1.5 kids per doe on average. An experiment was conducted to determine the calcium status of male and female (lactating and non-lactating) grazing goats (Thalli breed), during which it was found that 78% of flocks were made up of mixed breeds, 97.6% were transhumant, while 97.05% were nomadic farmers. Reports also show that the Kajli sheep population makes up 49% of all sheep in Pakistan according to Livestock Census 2007 data.

Kajli goats have great adaptability to their environment, being heat tolerant enough to cope with local extremes in temperature while still remaining productive for meat production and milk production as a secondary goal. There is much diversity among these breeds when it comes to morphology, behavior, reproduction and productivity traits which makes them ideal for increasing agricultural production in the Punjab province by safeguarding wild habitats and animals like sheep and goats which are commonly farmed there.

Feeding and Nutrition for Optimal Performance

Feeding and nutrition play a vital role in the optimal performance of goats. Proper nutrition is necessary for goats to maintain body maintenance and support their growth and reproductive success. To ensure that goats are getting the right nutrients, care must be taken to provide them with an appropriate feeding schedule. For Kajli goat breeds in Pakistan, this includes urea-treated rice hulls, concentrates supplementation, calcium status assessment and selection of suitable feed sources based on climate and physiological stages.

It’s important to note that the nutrient requirements for goats vary depending on age, sex, breed, production system (dairy or meat), body size and climate conditions. An experiment was conducted to determine the calcium status of male and female (lactating and non-lactating) grazing goats (Thalli breed) during Small Ruminant Production in Pakistan by using the Least Squares and Maximum Likelihood computer program. The study found that Kacchi has a genetically better reproductive performance than other indigenous goat breeds in Pakistan due to its better management practices, selective breeding for improvement and disease control measures such as vaccinations.

Overall, proper nutrition is essential for optimal performance of Kajli goats in Pakistan as it helps them maintain their health as well as their growth rate for increased production of milk or meat products depending on their end purpose. Careful consideration should be taken when selecting appropriate feed sources based on age, sex, breed, production system (dairy or meat), body size and climate conditions. In addition to providing nutritious food sources for the animals’ health benefits, this also helps maximize economic gains from livestock production activities.

Preventive Health Care Practices in Kajli Goat Breeding

Preventive health care is essential for the successful breeding of Kajli goats. These animals should have a thorough physical exam before the breeding season to ensure that all animals are healthy and in good condition. A balanced diet and fresh water should be provided to the goats as well as monitoring their body condition scores. Vaccinations and deworming should also be performed regularly to maintain their overall health. Regular monitoring of goat’s health can help detect any signs of disease or distress early on, allowing for quick treatment and preventing further spread or worsening of the condition. In addition, proper management practices such as pest control and parasite prevention can help minimize risk for diseases in Kajli goats. By following these preventive health care measures, breeders can ensure that their Kajli goats remain healthy and productive.

Reproductive Management in Kajli Goat Breeding

Kajli Goats are a popular livestock breed in Pakistan, known for its excellent fertility and growth potentials. Reproductive management is an important factor in Kajli Goats breeding, as it helps to ensure that the goats produce healthy offspring. Proper reproductive management involves selecting animals for breeding with desirable traits, providing appropriate nutrition and health care, and managing herds for optimum productivity. Selective breeding can help to improve fertility and growth potentials of Kajli goats through careful selection of animals with desired traits. Nutritional management involves providing adequate feed and water to ensure proper growth and development of the herd. Health care includes regular vaccinations against common diseases such as brucellosis, Q fever, foot-and-mouth disease (FMD), heartwater disease, etc. Herd management strategies should also be implemented to maintain herd productivity levels by preventing overcrowding or overgrazing. By implementing these measures, Kajli Goat breeders can ensure that their herds remain productive and healthy.

Record Keeping in Kajli Goat Breeding

Record keeping is an important part of goat and cattle breeding, especially when it comes to the Kajli breed in Pakistan. This medium-sized breed of goat is black in color and has long hair and is known for producing twins. The average weight of Kajli goats ranges from 30-35 kg. Record keeping helps to monitor the reproductive performance of Kajli sheep in Pakistan, as well as other indigenous breeds like Sabi in Zimbabwe. Keeping track of births, mating times, milk production and other vital information can help farmers maximize the productivity of their animals and ensure that they are healthy and thriving. Additionally, record keeping can help to identify potential problems before they become serious issues which would negatively impact the growth rate or health of a herd. The data collected through record keeping can also be used to make informed decisions about breeding strategies that will result in better quality animals over time.

Marketing Strategies for Selling the Product from the Farm

Marketing strategies are an essential part of running a successful farm and selling the products from it. Farmers should understand the importance of understanding their target market, creating effective promotional materials, and developing a pricing strategy.

To begin, farmers should identify their target market by researching the demographics and interests of potential customers. This will help to determine the best strategies for reaching them. Additionally, farmers should create promotional materials such as brochures, posters and flyers that showcase their products in an appealing way to potential customers. They should also consider using social media to advertise their products.

When it comes to pricing, farmers must take into account the cost of producing and shipping their products, so they can make a profit without overpricing or underselling themselves. It is also important to offer discounts or promotions when possible in order to encourage sales among budget-minded customers.

Finally, farmers should consider setting up online stores or using third-party platforms like Etsy or Amazon in order to reach more customers outside of their local area. This can be a great way for small farms with limited resources to expand their customer base and increase profits.

Challenges Faced During the Process of Raising Kajlis

Raising Kajlis is a challenging process, with many difficulties and obstacles to overcome. In Pakistan, the rising interest in animal farming has allowed for improved financing, which has helped expand milk and meat processing companies. However, the traditional management practices of meat production still remain less productive. Out of a total population of sheep breeds, 87% are non-descriptive flocks and 9% and 4% are purebred flocks belonging to the Kajli and Thali breeds respectively.

The challenges faced while raising Kajlis include diseases, lack of vet services, shortage of land availability, exploitation by beoparies (middlemen), overstocking of animals leading to undernourishment issues and poor quality feed & fodder. Additionally, farmers often have limited access to better breeding technologies such as artificial insemination (AI). Moreover, there is also limited knowledge among the farmers on topics like animal husbandry practices. All these factors contribute to reduced productivity in terms of milk yield & meat quality from their livestock herds.

In order to overcome these challenges associated with raising Kajlis in Pakistan, there is a need for improved awareness among farmers about modern animal husbandry practices such as AI technology for better breeding outcomes. Furthermore, government intervention is required for providing resources such as veterinary services and feed supplies so that livestock owners can rear healthy animals with good production capacity. With this support from the government along with improved knowledge amongst farmers regarding modern techniques & technologies available for rearing Kajlis; it will help them achieve greater success in terms of increased productivity & profitability from their livestock herds.

Factors Affecting the Quality of Offspring Produced

The quality of offspring produced is impacted by a range of factors such as environmental conditions, herd management practices and genetics. In order to produce healthy, high-quality offspring, it is important to consider all these factors. Environmental conditions can influence the growth rate and health of animals, so good husbandry practices are essential for success in breeding. Herd management practices should also be tailored to specific breeds or types of livestock, as different breeds may have different nutritional needs and requirements for exercise. Genetics also play an important role in determining the quality of offspring; selecting animals with desired traits can help ensure a higher quality litter. Finally, it is important to remember that while some factors are beyond our control, we can still take steps to create the best possible environment for our animals and their offspring. With careful planning and consideration, we can ensure that we produce high-quality litters with healthy animals.

Profitability Analysis on a Typical Farm Specializing in Kaji Goats

Profitability analysis on a typical farm specializing in Kaji Goats is an important factor to consider for any goat farmer. The Kaji breed of goats is a medium-size breed mainly found in Pakistan and India, with great potential for both milk and meat production. This breed has some unique characteristics that make it ideal for both commercial and small-scale farming operations.

A benefit-cost analysis of 100 black Bengal goats can give an indication of the potential returns from such a venture. Milk production can be increased by 35%, meat production by 25%, and egg production by 45%. Additionally, there are significant savings to be made through improved animal husbandry practices and more efficient value chains.

In order to maximize profits, the farm should focus on producing high-quality animals through selective breeding, feed optimization, disease prevention strategies, and good management practices. Additionally, marketing strategies must be developed in order to reach out to consumers who are willing to pay premium prices for premium quality products. The cost of rearing Kaji goats should also be compared with other animal breeds available in Pakistan so as to ensure that the investment is worthwhile.

Overall, profitability analysis on a typical farm specializing in Kaji goats is essential for any prospective farmer looking at investing in this sector. With careful planning, implementation of best practices, and smart marketing strategies this venture could prove highly profitable over time.

Conclusion

In conclusion, goat breeding in Pakistan is a rapidly growing sector due to its preference for meat. To further increase efficiency and productivity, better feeding and management during breeding season is necessary. Kajli ewes have a higher reproductive efficiency than other breeds, as well as better birth weights and growth potentials for their lambs. Furthermore, Kajli sheep are renowned for their juicy mutton quality. A total of 749 selection signatures were observed in Pakistani goat breeds which should help inform future breeding strategies. All in all, goat breeding in Pakistan has vast potential to improve the economic welfare of rural communities and the country at large.